Employees Missing a Manager
Kestrel Labs is tidying its org chart ahead of a compliance audit. Every employee record carries a manager field holding the name of the person they report to — except that some rows have nothing in it. A few of those are department heads who genuinely report to nobody; others may simply be gaps that were never filled in. The auditor wants all of them listed either way, so somebody can go and ask.
Records older than a certain date were signed off in an earlier audit and are out of scope. That date moves every time an audit closes, so it comes with the request rather than being written into the checklist.
Worth knowing before you start: an absent value in pandas is not an empty string and not a zero. It is its own kind of thing, with its own rules.
employees_df — one row per employee. manager holds the name of the person they report to, or None where no manager is recorded.
| id | name | department | salary | hire_date | manager |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ava Chen | Engineering | 145000 | 2021-03-14 | None |
| 2 | Ben Ortiz | Engineering | 118000 | 2022-06-01 | Ava Chen |
| 3 | Cara Novak | Engineering | 121000 | 2023-01-10 | Ava Chen |
| 4 | Deshawn Lee | Sales | 95000 | 2020-09-23 | None |
| 5 | Elin Kask | Sales | 88000 | 2022-11-05 | Deshawn Lee |
| 6 | Farid Amiri | Marketing | 76000 | 2023-04-18 | None |
| 7 | Grace Kim | Data | 132000 | 2021-07-30 | None |
| 8 | Hugo Silva | Data | 110000 | 2023-02-14 | Grace Kim |
| 9 | Ines Duarte | Data | 104000 | 2023-08-01 | Grace Kim |
| 10 | Jonas Weber | Sales | 91000 | 2021-12-19 | Deshawn Lee |
Input
The DataFrame above is already built for you — the employee rows are not read from input. What does arrive is a single line holding the cutoff date, written the way hire_date is written, as YYYY-MM-DD.
Task: Print a sorted Python list of the names of employees hired on or after that date who have no manager recorded. The cutoff is inclusive: somebody hired exactly on it is in scope. If nothing in scope has a gap, print an empty list.
Example: if two people in scope had an empty manager field, the output would look like ['Ada Bloom', 'Zeno Marsh'].
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